The department of Pathology at Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences started with one faculty member and four technicians in August 1987. Since then it has grown to twelve faculty members, junior and senior residents, and a large technical staff. The department includes laboratory sections of Histopathology, Cytopathology, Electron Microscopy, Haematopathology, and Clinical Chemistry. Endocrine Pathology, Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Pathology including endoscopic biopsy pathology and Renal Pathology including transplant pathology are some of the more strong areas of the department. Every section is equipped with state-of-art facilities and is actively involved in patient care, postgraduate teaching, and research.

The department of Pathology offers various courses including M.D., Ph.D., and Certificate Course in Renal Pathology. Short-term training and observerships are available in some areas. The department runs an extensive training program including lectures, tutorials, journal clubs, seminars, group discussions, and pathology slide discussions, etc. The post-MD senior residency program offers an opportunity for an excellent work experience in Pathology.